Percepção sobre abandono afetivo em idoso institucionalizado / Perception of emotional neglect in institutionalized elderly / Percepción del abandono afectivo en adultos mayores institucionalizado

Objetivo: Compreender a percepção dos idosos institucionalizados quanto ao abandono afetivo por parte de seus familiares.Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, comabordagemqualitativa. Conduzido por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A organização e análise dos dados foram baseadas na técnica de Minayo. O estudo foi realizado em uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos, localizada em uma cidade do nordeste de Santa Catarina.Resultados: Participaram do estudo nove idosos, com idades entre 60 e 89 anos, com diferentes estados civis (viúvos, casados e divorciados), variando sua escolaridade do nível básico ao superior, além de serem aposentados ou pensionistas. Foram identificadas quatro categorias analíticas: (1) vivência na instituição, (2) motivos para a institucionalização, (3) relacionamento familiar e (4) percepção do abandono familiar.Conclusão: alguns idosos enfatizaram sentir-se esquecidos na instituição, o que os deixa tristes e deprimidos. É crucial para a prática de a enfermagem compreender a realidade dos idosos nas Instituições de Longa Permanência, pois essa compreensão está diretamente ligada à prestação de cuidados em todos os níveis de assistência à saúde

Objective: To understand the perception of institutionalized elderly individuals regarding the emotional abandonment by their family members.Methodology: This is an exploratory study, using qualitative methods. Conducted through semi-structured interviews. Data organization and analysis were based on Minayo's technique. The study was conducted at a Long-Term Care Institution for the Elderly located in a city in northeastern Santa Catarina.Results: Nine elderly individuals participated in the study, ranging in age from 60 to 89 years old, with different marital statuses (widowed, married, and divorced), ranging in education from basic to higher levels, and being retirees or pensioners. Four analytical categories were identified: (1) experience in the institution, (2) reasons for institutionalization, (3) family relationships, and (4) perception of family abandonment.Conclusion: Some elderly individuals emphasized feeling forgotten in the institution, which makes them feel sad and depressed. Understanding the reality of the elderly in Long-Term Care Institutions is crucial for nursing practice, as this understanding is directly linked to providing care at all levels of healthcare assistance in the Health Care Network

Objetivo: Comprender la percepción de las personas mayores institucionalizadas con respecto al abandono afectivo por parte de sus familiares. Metodología:Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, utilizando métodos cualitativos. Realizado a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. La organización y análisis de los datos se basaron en la técnica de Minayo. El estudio se llevó a cabo en una Institución de Larga Estadía para Personas Mayores lubicada en una ciudad del noreste de Santa Catarina. Resultados:Nueve personas mayores participaron en el estudio, con edades comprendidas entre 60 y 89 años, con diferentes estados civiles (viudos, casados y divorciados), variando en educación desde niveles básicos hasta superiores, y siendo jubilados o pensionistas. Se identificaron cuatro categorías analíticas: (1) experiencia en la institución, (2) motivos para la institucionalización, (3) relaciones familiares y (4) percepción del abandono familiar. Conclusión:Algunas personas mayores enfatizaron sentirse olvidadas en la institución, lo que los hace sentir tristes y deprimidas. Es crucial para la práctica de enfermería comprender la realidad de los adultos mayores en las Instituciones de Larga Estancia, ya que esta comprensión está directamente vinculada con la prestación de cuidados en todos los niveles de asistencia sanitaria en la Red de Atención a la Salud.

Research progress on dental materials for preventing root caries / 口腔疾病防治

@#The high incidence and untreated rate of root caries, a common and frequently occurring oral disease with challenging treatment in elderly individuals, is the main cause of tooth loss among elderly people, as rapid development results in pulpitis and periapical periodontitis or residual crown and root, which has been regarded as one of the common chronic oral diseases seriously affecting the quality of life of elderly people. Thus, early intervention and prevention are important. Traditional dental materials for preventing root caries have been widely used in clinical practice; however, they have the disadvantages of tooth coloring, remineralization and low sterilization efficiency. A series of new dental materials for preventing root caries have gradually become a research hotspot recently, which have the advantages of promoting the mineralization of deep dental tissue, prolonging the action time and enhancing adhesion. Future caries prevention materials should be designed according to the characteristics of root surface caries and the application population and should be developed toward simplicity, high efficiency and low toxicity. This review describes current research regarding anti-caries prevention material application, serving as a theoretical underpinning for the research of root caries prevention materials, which is important for both promotion in the effective prevention of root caries and improvement in the status of oral health and the quality of life among old people.

Lesão por pressão na pessoa idosa: curso massivo aberto online para enfermeiro à luz da teoria de Margaret Newman / Pressure injuries in the elderly: massive open online course for nurses in light of Margaret Newman's theory

Resumo: Pesquisa de desenvolvimento metodológico cujo objetivo foi desenvolver curso massivo aberto on-line (MOOC) para enfermeiros sobre prevenção e tratamento da lesão por pressão na pessoa idosa, à luz da Teoria de Margaret Newman. Trata-se de pesquisa metodológica, aplicada à elaboração e validação de curso on-line, pautada nas cinco etapas do modelo ADDIE de design instrucional. A primeira etapa envolveu análise, com a definição de conteúdo a partir de revisão integrativa de literatura: utilização das Teorias de enfermagem no cuidado às pessoas idosas com lesão por pressão. A segunda etapa proporcionou desenho do curso, com definição de objetivos de aprendizagem, atividades, duração e ferramentas do curso. A etapa três foi representada pela criação e edição dos recursos educacionais abertos. Na etapa quatro, ocorreu a hospedagem do conteúdo e mídias no ambiente virtual escolhido. A quinta etapa incluiu a validação de conteúdo e aparência por juízes experts. Como resultados, emergiram três produções científicas em formato de revisão integrativa: 1) estratégias de continuidade do cuidado de enfermagem, ações preventivas e de tratamento da lesão por pressão em pessoas idosas; 2) Avaliação e fatores de risco para desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão em pessoas idosas; 3) Prevenção e tratamento de lesões por pressão em pessoas idosas. Foram criados 24 produtos técnicos em formato de material didático, contemplados por: quatro (4) vídeos de apresentação: apresentação das autoras, apresentação do curso, apresentação dos módulos 1 e 2; seis (6) videoaulas, três (3) para o módulo 1 e três (3) para o módulo 2. Oito (8) infográficos divididos entre módulo 1 e módulo 2; dois (2) ebooks módulo 1 e módulo 2; um (1) estudo de caso; um (1) podcast e um (1) Curso no modelo MOOC ­ Lesão por pressão na pessoa idosa: cuidado de enfermagem à luz da Teoria de Margaret Newman. O curso MOOC desenvolvido é potente para fortalecer a assistência de enfermagem aos idosos portadores de lesão por pressão. Além disso trata-se de estratégia de ensino inovadora para estudantes da área de ciências da saúde. A aplicação de forma sistematizada do referencial teórico deste estudo, a Teoria da expansão da consciência de Margaret Newman, evidenciou-se no processo formativo, uma vez que a teorista discute a enfermagem como profissão e que o processo formativo é estabelecido pela identidade e responde por suas práticas. Ressalta-se a relevância do estudo por se tratar do desenvolvimento de um curso teórico, no modelo MOOC, gratuito, disponível em uma plataforma confiável e aberta, em que o cursista pode organizar-se para o cumprimento das atividades conforme a sua disponibilidade de carga horária.

Abstract: Methodological development research whose objective was to develop a massive open online course (MOOC) for nurses on the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries in the elderly, in light of Margaret Newman's Theory. This is methodological research, applied to the development and validation of an online course, based on the five stages of the ADDIE model of instructional design. The first stage involved analysis, with the definition of content based on an integrative literature review: use of nursing theories in the care of elderly people with pressure injuries. The second stage provided the course design, defining learning objectives, activities, duration and course tools. Step three was represented by the creation and editing of open educational resources. In step four, the content and media were hosted in the chosen virtual environment. The fifth stage included content and appearance validation by expert judges. As results, three scientific productions emerged in the format of an integrative review: 1) nursing care continuity strategies, preventive actions and treatment of pressure injuries in elderly people; 2) Assessment and risk factors for the development of pressure injuries in elderly people; 3) Prevention and treatment of pressure injuries in elderly people. 24 technical products were created in teaching material format, comprising: four (4) presentation videos: presentation of the authors, presentation of the course, presentation of modules 1 and 2; six (6) video lessons, three (3) for module 1 and three (3) for module 2. Eight (8) infographics divided between module 1 and module 2; two (2) e-books module 1 and module 2; one (1) case study; one (1) podcast and one (1) Course using the MOOC model ­ Pressure injuries in the elderly: nursing care in light of Margaret Newman's Theory. The MOOC course developed is powerful in strengthening nursing care for elderly people with pressure injuries. Furthermore, it is an innovative teaching strategy for students in the area of health sciences. The systematic application of the theoretical framework of this study, Margaret Newman's Consciousness Expansion Theory, was evident in the training process, since the theorist discusses nursing as a profession and that the training process is established by identity and responds to their practices. The relevance of the study is highlighted as it concerns the development of a theoretical course, in the MOOC model, free of charge, available on a reliable and open platform, in which the course participant can organize themselves to carry out the activities according to their availability. hourly.

Envejecimiento exitoso y calidad de vida en personas mayores institucionalizadas del norte de colombia

Objetivo: Determinar relación entre Envejecimiento exitoso y Calidad de vida de personas mayores institucionalizadas. Material y Método: Estudio descriptivo y correlacionai con muestreo intencional; previo consentimiento informado, participaron 14o personas mayores asistentes a un hogar del municipio de Montería, Colombia. Se incluyeron a personas de 6o y más años; sus características sociodemográficas fueron identificadas por una cédula de datos. La Calidad de vida se midió con WHOQOL-bref y el Envejecimiento exitoso con Successful Aging Inventory (SAI). Los datos recolectados por enfermeras/os, se procesaron en SPSS v22 y analizados con estadística descriptiva, normalidad con Kolmogorov Smirnov y corrección de Lilliefors; como no hubo distribución normal, el objetivo se respondió con correlación de Spearman. Resultados: Existe relación negativa y significativa entre Envejecimiento exitoso global (p= ,012), Desempeño funcional (p= ,025) y Proposito y satisfacción con la vida (p= ,012) con la dimensión Social de la Calidad de vida; se observo relación negativa y significativa (p= ,013) entre el Propósito y satisfacción con la vida con la dimensión Ambiental de la Calidad de vida. Conclusiones: la mayoría de las personas mayores presentaron un envejecimiento exitoso y tienen su Calidad de vida global y Percepción de su salud altas. Existe relación negativa y significativa entre Envejecimiento exitoso, Desempeño funcional y Propósito y satisfacción con la dimensión Social de la Calidad de vida; existe relación negativa y significativa entre el Propósito y satisfacción con la vida con la dimensión Ambiental de la calidad de vida. No hay relación entre los puntajes globales de Envejecimiento exitoso y Calidad de vida.

Objective: To determine the relationship between successful aging and quality of life among institutionalized elderly people. Materials and Methods: Descriptive and correlational study using intentional sampling. It was carried out, after prior informed consent, with 140 elderly people who attended a nursing home in the city of Monteria, Northern Colombia. People over 60 years and older were included and their sociodemographic characteristics were recorded in a data sheet. The quality of life was measured with the WHOQOL-bref questionnaire and the Successful aging was measured with the Succesful Aging Inventory (SAI). Data collected by nurses were processed in SPSS v22 and analyzed with descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality and Lilliefors correction. As there was no normal distribution, the Spearman's correlation was applied. Results: There is a negative and significant relationship between the overall successful aging (p= .012), functional performance (p= .025) and life purpose and satisfaction (p= .012) with the social dimension of quality of life; a negative and significant relationship (p= .013) was also observed between life purpose and satisfaction with the environmental dimension of quality of life. Conclusions: Most of the elderly people showed successful aging and had a high overall quality of life and health perception. There is a negative and significant relationship between successful aging, functional performance, as well as life purpose and satisfaction with the social dimension of quality of life; there is a negative and significant relationship between life purpose and satisfaction with the environmental dimension of quality of life. There is no relationship between the overall scores of successful aging and quality of life.

Objetivo: Determinar a relação entre envelhecimento bem-sucedido e qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas institucionalizadas. Material e Método: Estudo descritivo e correlacional com amostragem intencional. O estudo foi realizado, após consentimento informado prévio, com 140 idosos que frequentaram um asilo na cidade de Montería, no norte da Colômbia. Foram incluídas pessoas de 60 anos ou mais e suas características sociodemográficas foram registradas em uma ficha de dados. A qualidade de vida foi medida com o questionário WHOQOL-bref e o inventário Successful Aging Inventory (SAI) foi usado para medir o envelhecimento bem- sucedido. Os dados coletados pelos enfermeiros e enfermeiras foram processados por meio do programa SPSS versão 22 e analisados com estatísticas descritivas e teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov para normalidade e correção de Lilliefors. Como não houve distribuição normal, foi aplicada a correlação do Spearman. Resultados: Existe uma relação negativa e significativa entre o envelhecimento geral bem-sucedido (p= ,012), desempenho funcional (p= ,025) e propósito de vida e satisfação (p= ,012) com a dimensão social da qualidade de vida; uma relação negativa e significativa (p= ,013) também foi observada entre o propósito de vida e satisfação com a dimensão ambiental da qualidade de vida. Conclusões: A maioria dos idosos demonstrou um envelhecimento bem- sucedido e teve uma alta percepção geral de qualidade de vida e saúde. Há uma relação negativa e significativa entre o envelhecimento bem-sucedido, desempenho funcional, bem como propósito de vida e satisfação com a dimensão social da qualidade de vida; há uma relação negativa e significativa entre proposito de vida e satisfação com a dimensão ambiental da qualidade de vida. Não há relação entre as pontuações gerais do envelhecimento bem-sucedido e a qualidade de vida.

Immunological CD4+ T-cell recovery and prognostic influencing factors in elderly HIV/AIDS patients of different genders after antiviral therapy / 中国热带医学

@#Objective　To investigate the prognostic influencing factors and recovery of CD4+ T lymphocytes in elderly HIV/AIDS patients after antiviral therapy by analyzing basic data and clinical follow-up data of elderly HIV/AIDS patients. Methods　The clinical data of 3 618 elderly AIDS patients aged ≥50 yeas who received antiretroviral therapy (ART) at HIV ART sites in Liuzhou City from 2005-2015 were collected. The data, including basic information, CD4+ T cell count, WHO clinical stage, infection route and follow-up, were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the differences in patient survival, multivariate Cox regression to analyze the independent influencing factors influencing the risk of death, and to compare the recovery of CD4+ T cell counts during follow-up of patients of different genders. Results　During the follow-up period, the 5-year cumulative survival rate up to the observation endpoint was 0.82 (female) and 0.66 (male). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors affecting the effect of antiviral treatment were age (OR=1.909, 95%CI:1.474-2.464, P<0.001), body mass index (BMI) (OR=0.744, 95%CI: 0.574-0.965, P=0.026), opportunistic infections (OI) (OR=1.223, 95%CI:1.028-1.454, P=0.023), gender (OR=0.692, 95%CI:0.503-0.952, P=0.023) and baseline CD4+ T lymphocytes count (OR=0.563, 95%CI:0.429-0.739, P<0.001). Recovery of CD4+ T lymphocyte counts showed when baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte counts were less than 200 cells/mm3, older women with HIV/AIDS had higher CD4+ T lymphocytes than men at all times of ART treatment (P<0.05). Conclusions　Older women have a higher survival rate than older men after five years of antiviral therapy. Age, BMI, gender, OI and baseline CD4+T lymphocyte count may be important indicators that affect the survival of elderly HIV/AIDS patients. Older women showed better recovery of CD4+ T lymphocytes than older men during the 4-year follow-up period after ART.

Association between dietary quality and bone mass among middle-aged and elderly people in Gansu Province / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To evaluate the dietary quality with the dietary balance index (DBI_16) and the association between dietary quality and bone mass among middle-aged and elderly people in Gansu Province so as to provide evidence for improving dietary quality and bone health status of Gansu population. 【Methods】 Based on the information of the type and quantity of food intake and the bone mass of middle-aged and elderly people aged 35 years and above collected by the Gansu Project in the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China, DBI_16 was used to evaluate the intake level of cereals, vegetables, fruits, milk, beans, fish and shrimp, eggs and other foods, and the degree of inadequate, excessive and unbalanced dietary intake of the participants. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the associations of three component indexes of DBI_16, high bound score (DBI_HBS), low bound score (DBI_LBS), diet quality distance (DBI_DQD), and seven single indexes of DBI_16 with bone mass. 【Results】 Analyses of the dietary and bone mass data of 11,840 participants showed that 44.8% of participants consumed excessive amounts of cereals compared to the dietary recommendation. 96.3%, 90.6%, 90.1%, 71.9%, 95.1% and 60.3% of participants’ intake of vegetables, fruits, milk, soybeans, fish and shrimp, and eggs, respectively, were inadequate. 47.7% participants consumed less than 10 types of food. 2.3% participants’ DBI_LBS levels were appropriate. 54.7% participants’ DBI_HBS levels were appropriate. Only 1.2% participants’ DBI_DQD reached a balanced level. The bone mass level in the study population was (2.5±0.6) kg [(2.8±0.5) kg for men and (2.3±0.5) kg for women]. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, total dietary energy intake and body mass index, DBI_LBS and DBI_DQD were negatively associated with bone mass [β and 95% CI was -0.002 01 (-0.003 62--0.000 40) and -0.001 76 (-0.003 09--0.000 43), respectively]. 【Conclusion】 Dietary intake imbalance is common among middle-aged and elderly people in Gansu Province, and the more severe the dietary intake imbalance, the lower the bone mass level.

The impact of chronic comorbidity in elderly people on relatives’ physical and mental health during the nursing home confinement:A multiple mediator analysis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between chronic comorbidity and the physical and mental health of relatives of elderly people during the nursing home confinement, and to analyze the mediating effects of perceived stress and intolerance of uncertainty in this context. 【Methods】 A total of 568 family members of elderly people in nine elderly institutions in Shaanxi Province were selected. The survey included the short version of the Perceived Stress Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and The World Health Organization-5 Well-being Index. The data were analyzed with Stata for correlation and mediation effects. 【Results】 ① The comorbidities of chronic diseases was positively correlated with the perceived stress (r=0.16, P<0.001) and intolerance of uncertainty (r=0.11, P=0.006) of the family members, but negatively correlated with the physical and mental health of the family members (r=-0.13, P=0.002). ② The mediating effect of perceived stress between chronic disease co-morbidity and physical and mental health of family members in older adults was -0.023, accounting for 18.8% of the total effect; the mediating effect of intolerance of uncertainty between chronic disease co-morbidity and physical and mental health of family members in older adults was -0.041, accounting for 33.5% of the total effect. 【Conclusion】 During closed management in a nursing facility, the physical and mental health of family members of older adults with chronic co-morbidities is poorer than that of family members of non-chronic co-morbidities. And it can lead to a decline in physical and mental health of family members through increased perceived stress and intolerance of uncertainty.

Association between depressive symptoms and risk of coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly Chinese community: An empirical analysis based on CHARLS database / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To investigate the association of depressive symptoms with the predicted risk of coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly Chinese based on a large community study. 【Methods】 A total of 2532 cases in the group without depression and 2758 cases in the group with depression were included. We compared the two groups in general demographics, information related to coronary heart disease risk, and physical function and ability to perform daily living. We also analyzed the factors associated with coronary heart disease risk by linear regression. 【Results】 ① Demographic information: The group with depression had a higher mean age, a higher proportion of women, more people with poor marital status, and a higher number of comorbid chronic diseases compared with the group without depression (all P<0.05). ② Risk indicators related to coronary heart disease: The group with depression had more people with diabetes and a significantly higher systolic blood pressure compared with the group without depression (P<0.05). The two groups did not significantly differ in the proportion of smokers, diastolic blood pressure, LDL-C, or HDL-C (all P>0.05). The risk of coronary heart disease was significantly higher in the group with depression than in the group without depression (P<0.05). ③ Physical function and ability of daily living: The physical function score, physical self-care score, and instrumental daily living ability were significantly higher in the group with depression than in the group without depression (all P<0.001). ④ Linear regression showed that except for gender, age, marital status, comorbid diabetes, smoking, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C and LDL-C were associated with risk of coronary heart disease (P<0.05); CESD was the only factor associated with the risk of coronary heart disease [B=0.019, 95% CI: (0.015, 0.032), P=0.032]. 【Conclusion】 The risk of coronary heart disease is higher in middle-aged and elderly people with depressive symptoms than in those without depressive symptoms. Having depressive symptoms is one of the risk factors for coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly people.

Analysis of rare genotypes of thalassemia in Laibin area of Guangxi / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the rare genotypes and mutation frequency of thalassemia in Laibin area of Guangxi , to intervene the birth of children with moderate or severe thalassemia, and to better guide the genetic diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis. Methods A total of 282 patients of hematological phenotypes inconsistent with genotypes in Laibin City (four counties, one city and one district) were tested for rare genotypes. Results A total of 50 cases were found to carry rare thalassemia gene mutations, including 23 cases of β-globin gene mutation containing 9 types of mutations, and 27 cases of α-globin gene mutation containing 7 types of mutations. There were 4 homotypic thalassemia couples with one party carrying rare thalassemia gene mutation. After prenatal diagnosis, one case was found to be a rare mutation carrier , two cases to be a double heterozygote, and one case to be a common mutation carrier. Conclusion The data of thalassemia genotype spectrum in Laibin , Guangxi. It is suggested that when the hematological phenotype is not consistent with the genotype , it should be detected by other molecular techniques to avoid the birth of children with moderate or severe thalassemia, which is also helpful for clinical diagnosis and treatment guidance, population screening and genetic counseling.

Association between sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly people in Urumqi， Xinjiang / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo obtain the prevalence of sarcopenia in middle-aged and elderly people in Urumqi based on the 2020 updated based on the 2020 updated Consensus Report 2019 of Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia （AWGS2019）， and to further explore the association between sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome （MS）. MethodsA total of 1 438 middle-aged and elderly people （aged≥50 years） in Urumqi from July 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the research subjects. Data were collected by questionnaire survey， physical examination and laboratory test. Skeletal muscle mass，grip strength and 4 m walking speed were used to represent muscle mass， muscle strength and body function， respectively. Bioelectrical impedance analysis （BIA） was used to measure human body components. Based on the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia recommended by AWGS2019， the prevalence of sarcopenia in people over 50 years old was obtained. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the correlation between sarcopenia and MS in middle-aged and elderly people of different genders. ResultsThere were 194 patients with sarcopenia， with a prevalence of 13.49%. The prevalence was 15.56% in males and 12.12% in females. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of MS between male sarcopenia group （40.45%） and non-sarcopenia group （38.92%）， while the prevalence of MS in female sarcopenia group （39.04%） was higher than that in non-sarcopenia group （27.56%）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sarcopenia was a related factor of MS. Compared with non-sarcopenia， the risk of MS in male sarcopenia group was higher （OR=2.11，95%CI： 1.15‒3.88 ）. ConclusionSarcopenia increases the risk of MS in middle-aged and elderly people， with a greater risk in men. Fully understanding of sarcopenia is helpful to early identify high-risk groups of MS and prevent the occurrence of MS.

Detección temprana de deterioro cognitivo leve en personas mayores durante la pandemia: protocolo cribado online / Early detection of mild cognitive impairment in older people during the pandemic: online screening protocol

Introducción: la pandemia COVID-19 ha tenido un gran impacto en la vida y en especial en las personas mayores. El objetivo del presente estudio fue explorar un protocolo de cribado online para detectar tempranamente Deterioro Cognitivo Leve en personas mayores. Métodos: fue de tipo cuantitativo y cualitativo. La muestra fue de 22 personas mayores de las comunas de Coronel y Lota, Región del Bio-bio. El protocolo estaba compuesto por: Cuestionario sociodemográfico, Test del Reloj Versión Cacho, Moca versión validada en Chile, Escala Depresión Yesavage y Test Acentuación de Palabras. El procedimiento consistió en la aplicación del protocolo a través de un Tablet o Laptop. Resultados: se encontró que la mayoría no presentaba deterioro cognitivo, pero si depresión. Conclusiones: se discute sobre la aplicación de un protocolo de diagnóstico online en personas mayores y los indicadores de depresión que podrían estar dado por la situación actual de pandemia.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a great impact in the world, more so in the lives of elderly people. The objective of this study was to explore an online screening protocol to detect early Mild Cognitive Impairment. The method was both quantitative and qualitative, the sample included 22 elderly people from the Coronel y Lota, Biobio region. The protocol was integrated with a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Clock Drawing Test (Cacho Version), MOCA (validated in Chile version), Yesavage Depression Scale (Reduced version) and the Word Accentuation Test. The evaluation involved applying the protocol online in a tele neuropsychological assessment. The results showed that most of the elder people evaluated did not present cognitive impairment but did have depression. The application of an online diagnostic protocol in older people and the indicators of depression that could be given by the current pandemic situation are discussed.

Sarcopenia y su relevancia en la práctica clínica / Sarcopenia and its relevance in clinical practice

La sarcopenia se define como una combinación de baja fuerza y masa muscular con alteración funcional del músculo, que afecta a poblaciones de diferentes edades por diversos motivos. La prevalencia global en adultos mayores se ha estimado en 10% (IC 95%: 8-12%) en hombres y 10% (IC 95%: 8-13%) en mujeres. Recientemente ha cobrado importancia su detección en enfermedades reumáticas, particularmente las inflamatorias. En esta revisión narrativa hemos considerado: a) recomendaciones para el diagnóstico de la sarcopenia; b) herramientas útiles para la práctica clínica y la investigación; c) su relación con las enfermedades reumáticas. Según el último Consenso Europeo de Sarcopenia la búsqueda debe comenzar cuando el paciente reporta síntomas y/o signos (debilidad, lentitud al caminar, desgaste muscular, pérdida de masa muscular, etc.). Para los adultos mayores se recomienda el cuestionario SARC-F como herramienta de tamizaje. Varias pruebas establecen los puntos de corte que deben utilizarse para diagnosticar la baja fuerza muscular, la disminución en la masa muscular y la alteración en el rendimiento físico. La relevancia de diagnosticar precozmente la sarcopenia se basa en el impacto clínico, económico y social que tiene, incluyendo la funcionalidad y calidad de vida de las personas, muy importante en aquellas con enfermedades reumatológicas.

Sarcopenia is defined as a combination of low muscle strength and mass with muscle function impairment that affects the population at different age ranges for different reasons. The global prevalence at the elderly was estimated at 10% (95% CI: 8-12%) in men and 10% (95% CI: 8-13%) in women. In recent years, the detection of sarcopenia in rheumatic diseases has become relevant. The aim of this revision was to develop a review regarding: a) recommendations for the diagnosis of sarcopenia; b) most useful tools for detection in clinical practice and research; c) relationship with some rheumatic diseases. According to the latest European Sarcopenia Consensus, in clinical practice, the search must start when the patient reports symptoms and signs (weakness, slow walking, muscle wasting, disease that leads to muscle loss, etc.). For the elderly population the SARC-F test is recommended as a screening tool. Several tests have established cut-off points to be used to diagnose low muscle strength, decrease in muscle mass or physical performance impairment. The relevance of early diagnosis of sarcopenia is based on the clinical, economic, social impact and also on functionality and quality of life in people, particularly in those with rheumatic diseases.

Exploratory multigroup structural equation modeling approach to analyzing H. pylori infection, serological pepsinogen levels, and life style factors in an elderly population in Costa Rica / Enfoque exploratorio del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales multigrupo para el análisis de la infección con H. pylori, niveles de pepsinógenos séricos y factores asociados a estilo de vida en una población de adultos mayores en Costa Rica

Abstract The aim of this work is to describe and analyze the association of PGI/PGII ratio (indicator of gastric atrophy) with H. pylori-CagA and life style factors such as caloric intake, obesity, and harmful habits amongst H. pylori-positive elderly people infected in Costa Rica using an exploratory multigroup structural equations model (SEM). Using a sample of 1748 H. pylori-positive elderly people from CRELES first wave study, a SEM was employed analyze if the relationships between PGI/PGII ratio with levels of H. pylori-CagA, caloric intake, obesity, and harmful habits, differs by sex, age and risk areas subgroups. The proposed SEMs exhibited a good fit in males (RMSEA = 0.039), females (RMSEA = 0.000), low-risk area (RMSEA = 0.038), middle-risk area (RMSEA = 0.042), individuals under 80 years (RMSEA = 0.038) and individuals aged 80 and over (RMSEA = 0.042), while an acceptable fit was observed for the high-risk area (RMSEA = 0.061). Fitted SEMs showed that CagA predicted PG-ratio as expected, with effects increasing with the risk area, but similar between sex and age groups. All indicators measuring obesity (BMI, arms, and waist) showed significant standardized coefficients, with similar effects between sex, age and risk area groups. No other significant effects or differences between groups were identified. We propose a good-fitted SEM model for the possible relationships between CagA and PG ratio and the geographical risk area level for elderly people. No differences were observed on measured parameters between male and female population, or between under 80 years and older individuals.

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es describir y analizar la asociación entre PGI/PGII (indicador de atrofia gástrica con H. pylori-CagA y factores asociados a estilo de vida como ingesta calórica, obesidad y hábitos nocivos entre adultos mayores positivos por H. pylori en Costa Rica utilizando modelos de ecuaciones estructurales multigrupo (SEM). Con una muestra de 1748 adultos mayores del estudio CRELES, se utilizó un SEM para analizar las relaciones entre PGI/PGII, CagA, ingesta calórica, obesidad y hábitos nocivos difieren por sexo, edad y áreas de riesgo. Los SEMs propuestos exhibieron un buen ajuste en hombres (RMSEA = 0.039), mujeres (RMSEA = 0.000), área de bajo riesgo (RMSEA = 0.038), áreas de riesgo medio (RMSEA = 0.042), individuos menores de 80 años (RMSEA = 0.038) e individuos de 80 años o más (RMSEA = 0.042), mientras que hubo un ajuste aceptable en áreas de alto riesgo (RMSEA = 0.061). Los SEMs ajustados mostraron que CagA predice la relación PGI/II en la dirección esperada con efectos proporcionales al área de riesgo, pero no por sexo y edad. Todos los indicadores medibles de obesidad (IMC, brazos y cintura) mostraron coeficientes estandarizados significativos con efectos similares entre los grupos por sexo, edad y área de riesgo. No se encontraron otros efectos o diferencias significativas. Proponemos un modelo SEM bien ajustado para las posibles relaciones entre CagA y PGI/II y el nivel de riesgo del área geográfica en adultos mayores. No se encontraron diferencias en las variables analizadas entre hombres y mujeres ni entre los grupos de edad.

Trayectorias de fragilidad y factores relacionados en la población de adultos mayores en México / Trajectories of frailty and related factors of elderly people in Mexico

Resumen Introducción: la fragilidad es un indicador del estado de salud en la vejez y un síndrome clínico común en adultos mayores; conlleva un elevado riesgo de resultados deficientes de salud que incluyen caídas, incidentes de discapacidad, hospitalización y mortalidad. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las diferentes trayectorias de la fragilidad y los factores relacionados con esta entre adultos mayores mexicanos a lo largo del tiempo. Metodología: los datos provienen de un panel de cuatro rondas compuesto por adultos mayores mexicanos y desarrollado de 2001 a 2015 por el Estudio Nacional de Salud y Envejecimiento en México (ENASEM). La fragilidad es la acumulación de déficits a partir de un índice de fragilidad. Se aplicó un análisis multinivel, utilizando modelos jerárquicos para conocer los cambios de trayectorias de fragilidad y qué factores se relacionan con ella. Resultados: ser mujer mayor, viuda y tener un bajo nivel educativo fueron factores de riesgo para un índice de fragilidad alto y una menor satisfacción financiera o realizar actividades en el hogar tienen efectos adversos. Conclusiones: se halló una prevalencia de la fragilidad según la proporción de déficits que poseen los individuos y sus primordiales componentes asociados. Se requiere mejorar las condiciones socioeconómicas de salud en fases previas a la vejez con miras a evitar la presencia de fragilidad en el futuro.

Abstract Introduction: Frailty is an indicator of health status in old age and a common clinical syndrome in older adults that carries an increased risk of poor health outcomes, including falls, incidents of disability, hospitalization, and mortality. This study aimed to identify the different trajectories of frailty and the factors related to frailty among Mexican older adults over time. Methods: Data are from a four-wave panel composed of older Mexican adults from 2001 to 2015 of the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS). Frailty is the accumulation of deficits using a frailty index. A multilevel analysis, using hierarchical models, was applied to know the changes of frailty trajectories and what factors are related to it. Results: Being female, older, being widowhood, and having a lower level of education were risk factors for having a high frailty index and lower financial satisfaction doing activities at home have adverse effects. Conclusion: The findings of this work present information about the prevalence of frailty considering the proportion of deficits that individuals possess and their main associated components in older Mexican adults. It is necessary to improve socioeconomic health conditions in phases before old age to avoid developing frailty in the future.

Correlates Between Health Seeking Behaviour and Health Status; A Cross-Sectional Study Among the Elderly Group in Nigeria

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the correlates between health seeking behavior and health status among the Elderly group in Osun State, Nigeria.Material & Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in Osun State between July-October 2020. A multistage sampling method was used to select 433 people aged 60 years and older. The participants were interviewed face-to-face using a well-structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyse data. Results:Findings from the study revealed that majority (77.8%) of the respondents had poor health status. Key findings showed that majority (72.4%) of respondents had good health seeking behaviour. Furthermore, age (p<0.05), marital status (p<0.05), educational status (p<0.05) and monthly income (p<0.05) were statistically associated with the health status of the elderly people.Conclusions:An adequate understanding of health seeking behaviour and its correlates with health status especially among the elderly people is needed to improve the health care in Nigeria. Although the elderly people have a good health seeking behaviour, it does not however translate to good health status. Therefore, strategies to improve the health status including improving their financial status should be developed with adequate health literacy. Elderly people should learn the importance of regular health examinations to promote health, prevent diseases, and slow the progress of chronic diseases.

Tratamiento farmacológico de la epilepsia en el adulto mayor, revisión de la literatura / Pharmacological treatment of epilepsy in elderly people, a literature review

RESUMEN Los adultos mayores tienen mayor riesgo de desarrollar epilepsia. Con un aumento progresivo de la expectativa de vida, este grupo muestra el más rápido incremento entre los pacientes con epilepsia. El tratamiento en sí se complica debido a los cambios fisiológicos relacionados con el envejecimiento, las comorbilidades, los problemas cognitivos concomitantes, las interacciones farmacológicas complejas y las dificultades en la adherencia a regímenes medicamentosos. Las crisis epilépticas se pueden controlar en la mayoría de los pacientes adultos mayores con dosis bajas de un solo fármaco anticrisis epiléptica de efecto específico. La tolerabilidad es un factor importante en la selección del fármaco, ya que los pacientes adultos mayores tienden a ser muy sensibles a los efectos secundarios. Para los fármacos anticrisis epiléptica que operan como inductores enzimáticos se debe valorar su retiro del arsenal terapéutico en favor de nuevos agentes que han demostrado similar eficacia y mejor tolerabilidad. Lamotrigina y levetiracetam son los fármacos anticrisis epiléptica más recomendados actualmente para el manejo de este cuadro en los adultos mayores. Aun cuando puede tratarse de una epilepsia fácilmente controlable, es recomendable mantener el tratamiento de forma indefinida en los adultos mayores dada la tendencia recurrente de las crisis. Se requieren más estudios que aborden los mecanismos fisiopatológicos de la epilepsia en este grupo etario y una mayor inclusión de los adultos mayores en ensayos clínicos, así como el desarrollo de modelos de atención integral que optimice el cuidado de estos pacientes.

SUMMARY Elderly people are at a higher risk of developing epilepsy. With a progressive increase in life expectancy, this is the fastest growing group of epilepsy patients. Their treatment is complicated by the presence of physiological changes related to aging, comorbidities, concomitant cognitive problems, complex drug interactions, and difficulties in the adherence to medication regimes. Seizures can be controlled in elderly people patients with low doses of a single epileptic seizure drug. Tolerability is an important factor in drug selection, as elderly people patients tend to be very sensitive to side effects. Enzyme-inducing anti-seizure drugs should gradually be left out of the therapeutic arsenal in favor of new anti-seizure drugs that have shown similar efficacy and better tolerability. Levetiracetam and lamotrigine are the most recommended anti-seizure drugs for older adults with epilepsy nowadays. Although it could be easily controlled, it is recommended that older adults continue their treatment indefinitely, due to the recurrent seizures' proclivity. More studies are needed to address the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy in this age group, and greater inclusion of elderly people in clinical trials is needed, as is the development of comprehensive care models to provide optimal patient care.

Correlação entre funcionalidade e força de preensão manual e a condição de fragilidade física em idosos da atenção primária à saúde / Correlation between functionality and handgrip strength and the condition of physical frailty in elderly people in primary health care

Resumo: Trata-se de estudo quantitativo transversal cujo objetivo foi analisar a correlação entre funcionalidade e força de preensão manual e a condição de fragilidade física em idosos da atenção primária à saúde. Participaram 389 idosos (=60 anos) de ambos os sexos, cadastrados em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde de Curitiba, Paraná. A coleta de dados ocorreu de janeiro a novembro de 2019, foi precedida pela aplicação do miniexame do estado mental, seguida dos questionários sociodemográfico e clínico, escala da medida de independência funcional (MIF) e avaliação da fragilidade física. Os dados foram organizados no programa Microsoft Excel® 2007 e analisados no software R CORE TEAM, mediante estatística descritiva, análises bivariadas (p<0,05), testes de Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, qui-quadrado e Spearman. Dos 389 idosos, 34 (8,7%) eram frágeis, 186 (47,8%) pré-frágeis, 169 (43,5%) não frágeis, 255 (65,6%) do sexo feminino e 186 (47,8%) na faixa etária entre 60 e 69 anos. A FPM reduzida foi identificada em 82 (21%) idosos e distribuída entre 27 (79,5%) frágeis e 55 (29,5%) pré-frágeis. Houve correlação significativa entre funcionalidade e força de preensão manual segundo à condição de fragilidade física (Pˆ= 0,330; p=<0,001). A média da FPM foi maior no grupo de idosos não frágeis (28,9 Kgf), comparada aos pré-frágeis (24,6 Kgf) e frágeis (17,1 Kgf). A pontuação média da funcionalidade (MIF) foi maior no grupo de idosos não frágeis (122,1 pontos) em relação aos pré-frágeis (120,6pontos) e frágeis (114,2 pontos). Quanto à tarefa da MIF "controle de urina", observou-se elevada frequência idosos frágeis completamente dependentes (n=9; 26,4%) e pré-frágeis moderadamente dependentes (n=52; 27,9%). Para a tarefa "interação social" observou-se expressiva frequência de idosos frágeis moderadamente dependentes(n=12; 35,3%). Para a tarefa "resolução de problemas" evidenciou-se a mesma frequência (n=7; 20,6%) de idosos frágeis completamente dependentes e moderadamente dependentes. Na avaliação da tarefa "memória" destacaram-se os pré-frágeis moderadamente dependentes (n=26; 14%). A correlação entre funcionalidade (MIF) e FPM se mostrou fraca, positiva e significativa entre os idosos da amostra investigada (Pˆ= 0,330; p=<0,001), entre os não frágeis (Pˆ= 0,252;p=<0,001) e entre os pré-frágeis (Pˆ= 0,236; p=0,001). O desempenho nas tarefas "controle de urina" e "subir e descer escadas" correlacionou-se significativamente à FPM (p=<0,005) entre os idosos pré-frágeis. Destacam-se, com maior coeficiente de correlação com a FPM, as tarefas "controle de urina" para os idosos não frágeis (Pˆ=0,309) e "subir e descer escadas" para os pré-frágeis (Pˆ=0,222). Já a tarefa "resolução de problemas" correlacionou-se à FPM entre os idosos pré-frágeis (p=<0,004) e frágeis (p=<0,017), sendo entre esses o maior coeficiente de correlação (Pˆ= 0,408). Verifica-se ainda a correlação entre a tarefa "expressão verbal e não verbal" e a FPM para o grupo de idosos frágeis (p=<0,025; Pˆ= 0,383). Conclui-se que houve correlação positiva entre funcionalidade e FPM entre os idosos não frágeis e pré-frágeis, indicando que quanto maior a FPM, melhor é o desempenho funcional. Destacam-se resultados expressivos para a prática clínica de enfermagem gerontológica, que podem subsidiar estratégias preventivas voltadas à manutenção da FPM e da funcionalidade, principalmente entre os idosos não frágeis e pré-frágeis.

Abstract: This is a cross-sectional quantitative study whose objective was to analyze the correlation between functionality and handgrip strength and the condition of physical frailty in elderly people in primary health care. Participants were 389 elderly people (=60 years) of both sexes, registered at a Basic Health Unit in Curitiba, Paraná. Data collection took place from January to November 2019, was preceded by the application of the mini-mental state exam, followed by sociodemographic and clinical questionnaires, functional independence measure scale (FIM), and assessment of physical frailty. Data were organized in Microsoft Excel® 2007 program and analyzed in R CORE TEAM software, using descriptive statistics, bivariate analyzes (p<0.05), Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, chi-square, and Spearman tests. Of the 389 elderly, 34 (8.7%) were frail, 186 (47.8%) were pre-frail, 169 (43.5%) were non-frail, 255 (65.6%) were female and 186 (47.8%) in the age group between 60 and 69 years. Reduced HGS was identified in 82 (21%) elderly and distributed among 27 (79.5%) frail and 55 (29.5%) pre-frail. There was a significant correlation between functionality and handgrip strength according to the condition of physical frailty (Pˆ=0.330; p=<0.001). The average HGS was higher in the group of non-frail elderly (28.9 Kgf), compared to pre-frail (24.6 Kgf) and frail (17.1 Kgf). The mean functionality score (MIF) was higher in the group of non-frail elderly (122.1 points) compared to pre-frail (120.6 points) and frail (114.2 points). As for the FIM task "urine control", a high frequency of completely dependent frail elderly (n=9; 26.4%) and moderately dependent pre-frail (n=52; 27.9%) was observed. For the "social interaction" task, there was a significant frequency of moderately dependent frail elderly was observed (n=12; 35.3%). For the "problem solving" task, the same frequency (n=7; 20.6%) of completely dependent and moderately dependent frail elderly individuals was observed. In the evaluation of the "memory" task, the moderately dependent pre-frail stood out (n=26; 14%). The correlation between functionality (MIF) and HGS was weak, positive, and significant among the elderly in the investigated sample (Pˆ= 0.330; p=<0.001), among the nonfrail (Pˆ=0.252; p=<0.001) and among the elderly. pre-fragile (Pˆ= 0.236; p=0.001). The performance in the tasks "urine control" and "going up and down stairs" was significantly correlated with HGS (p=<0.005) among the pre-frail elderly. The tasks "urine control" for the non-frail elderly (Pˆ=0.309) and "going up and down stairs" for the pre-frail stand out, with the highest correlation coefficient with HGS (Pˆ=0.222). The "problem solving" task was correlated with HGS among pre-frail (p=<0.004) and frail (p=<0.017) elderly, with the highest correlation coefficient (Pˆ=0.408) among these. There is also a correlation between the task "verbal and non-verbal expression" and HGS for the frail elderly group (p=<0.025; Pˆ=0.383). It was concluded that there was a positive correlation between functionality and HGS among the non-frail and pre-frail elderly, indicating that the higher the HGS, the better the functional performance. Significant results for the clinical practice of gerontological nursing stand out, which can support preventive strategies aimed at maintaining HGS and functionality, especially among non-frail and pre-frail elderly people.

Qualitative Analysis of Opinions on the Decisions Made by Community-dwelling Elderly People regarding Their Medical Treatment and Care in the End-of-life / 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌

Introduction: The objective of this study was to identify the opinions of community-dwelling elderly people on medical treatment and care choices during the end-of-life period.Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to elderly people who participated in nursing care prevention projects implemented by two municipalities in the Kanto region. Analysis of the contents included in the free-description section of the questionnaire was conducted using a qualitative coding procedure.Results: Analysis of 135 responses in the free-description section of the questionnaire led to the development of the following four final categories: 1. end-of-life is an extension of daily life; 2. end-of-life does not belong solely to oneself; 3. consideration of loved ones; and 4. the desire to determine one's own end.Conclusion: This study identified the following: community-dwelling elderly people have a tangible feeling that "end-of-life is an extension of daily life." They experience conflicting feelings of "desire to determine their own end" and "end-of-life does not belong solely to themselves," they have thoughts that include "consideration of loved ones," which take the form of concern that, based on their experience, they will be a burden on their family and those around them.

Discurso y micropoder en la intervención con personas mayores con delirium hospitalizadas: reflexión en torno a las narrativas ausentes / Discourse and micropower in the intervention with hospitalized elderly people with delirium: reflection on absent narratives

Resumen Este ensayo analiza ¿cómo son las interacciones entre las personas mayores (PM) hospitalizadas con delirium y el personal de salud? Para reflexionar en la construcción de estas interacciones, nos basamos en el filósofo Michel Foucault, en su presentación y libro del "Orden del Discurso", donde consideramos como las relaciones sociales de micropoder pueden presentarse en diversos contextos, dialogando la interacción descrita desde las estrategias y tácticas de exclusión del discurso. Enfocamos sobre i) la razón y la locura, al identificar en las PM hospitalizadas con delirium, una narrativa desde el trastorno neurocognitivo, presentando una experiencia de aislamiento y por otro lado ii) el personal de salud, que se basa en determinar lo verdadero de lo falso, utilizando su conocimientos y tácticas desde el proceso de diagnóstico e intervención, el cual no logra recoger las experiencias de las PM con delirium. Por último, proponemos desde el realismo agencial una nueva construcción del fenómeno, que integre el conocimiento del personal de salud y la experiencia de las PM con delirium.

Abstract In this essay, we analyze the interactions between elderly people (EP) hospitalized with delirium and the health team. To reflect on the construction of these interactions we rely on the philosopher Michel Foucault, in his presentation and book "Order of Discourse", where we consider how micro-power social relations can be presented in various contexts, landing the interaction described from the strategies and discourse exclusion tactics. It is emphasized mainly i) reason and insanity, identified in EP hospitalized with delirium, which may have a narrative from the neurocognitive disorder, presenting an experience of isolation; on the other hand ii) the health team is based on determining what is true from what is false, using its knowledge and tactics from the process of diagnosis and intervention, which cannot collect the experiences of EP with delirium. Finally, we propose a new construction of the phenomenon from agency realism that integrates the knowledge of the health team and the experience of the EP with delirium.

Instrumento para identificar barreras ambientales percibidas por personas mayores en el contexto cubano / An Instrument for Identifying Environmental Barriers Perceived by Elderly People in the Cuban Context

Introducción: El envejecimiento de la población cubana trae aparejado un aumento de la discapacidad. En este sentido la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, de la Discapacidad y la Salud recomienda el diseño de instrumentos de medición que identifiquen los factores ambientales que afectan la funcionalidad. Objetivo: Describir las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento de medición diseñado para identificar barreras ambientales percibidas por las personas mayores en el contexto cubano en cuanto a la validez de apariencia, de contenido y constructo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de desarrollo tecnológico. Se consultó a un grupo de expertos para la validación de apariencia y contenido, y se calculó el coeficiente de validez de contenido insesgado y corregido. Para la validez de constructo se calculó el análisis factorial de los componentes principales. Resultados: El coeficiente de validez de contenido insesgado y el corregido mostraron cifras superiores a 0,80, considerado como bueno. El análisis factorial arrojó siete factores que explican las dimensiones exploradas en la definición que se pretende medir. Conclusiones: El instrumento diseñado mostró un alto acuerdo entre los expertos en cuanto a la validez de apariencia y contenido. Los indicadores evidenciaron que el instrumento tiene una estructura multidimensional que se corresponde con el constructo que se pretende medir(AU)

Introduction: The aging of the Cuban population brings about an increase in disability. In this sense, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health recommends the design of measurement instruments to identify environmental factors affecting functionality. Objective: To describe, in terms of face, content and construct validity, the psychometric properties of a measurement instrument designed to identify environmental barriers perceived by elderly people in the Cuban context. Methods: A technological development study was carried out. A group of experts was consulted for the face and content validation, while the unbiased and corrected content validity coefficient was calculated. For construct validity, principal component factor analysis was calculated. Results: The unbiased and corrected content validity coefficient showed figures above 0.80, considered as good. Factor analysis yielded seven factors that explain the dimensions explored in the definition intended to be measured. Conclusions: The designed instrument showed high agreement among the experts in terms of face and content validity. The indicators showed that the instrument has a multidimensional structure that corresponds to the construct that it is intended to measure(AU)